Constantin, thanks for this. You have hit the particular nail on the head I am trying to zero in on here. So with regards to "check which keywords the top ranking pages for your main keyword also rank for and use them where appropriate" Can I give an example? Lets say I want to rank for "albert einstein. " I find that THREE of the top ten ranking pages for "albert einstein" also rank highly for "light speed". Thus, I include "light speed" in my page. Which (in this case) would probably show on tf-idf reports anyway as a phrase to include, due to its relatively high usage across ranking documents. However, I get it that there will be phrases which do NOT become highlighted under tf-idf calculators as "widely common across ranking pages", but which competitor sites are ranking for. So tf-idf "outliers" of a VERY tenuous sort. So, I might also find that ONE of the top ranking pages for "albert einstein" also contains (and IMPORTANTLY, ranks highly for) the phrase "splitting the atom". This phrase (as an example) did NOT show on the tf-idf reports, as only one site of the top x contained it - thus ONLY using tf-idf reports to aid/create content would tend to cause me to leave "splitting the atom" off my own page. In other words. Are THESE words ("splitting the atom"), which pages ranking highly for "albert einstein" contain and also rank for, a MUST HAVE for my own page? If so, why do we think this is? I would REALLY appreciate your thoughts. Cheers.